He was born in 1902 in Pecs, Hungary, and died in 1981. He was a modern architect and furniture designer.
He left his hometown at 18. He wanted artistic training and ended up being one of the first and youngest students of the Bauhaus. Breuer was one of the most successful and well known Bauhaus (and later tutor) of all time.
There, he was put head of the carpentry workshop by his tutor Walter Grupious, after he recognized his significant talent.
He was also known for his invention of tubular steel furniture,inspired from bicycle handle-bar.
The Cesca Chair, named after his daughter Cheska, was one of the many most-known tubular steel chairs. Breuer believed that combining old furniture with new materials, one could create an aesthetically pleasing piece. He backed up his theory by experimenting further with tubular steel.
A single piece of tubing was used to form the frame; sled base and back support. Bent timber frames were used to construct the seat and back. They were filled with natural caning and screwed in the tubular metal frame.
This chair will always be remembered as a huge, influential part of modern furniture history due to the new form the cantilever principle created.
The Wassily chair designed in 1925 is Marcel's best known chair. This timeless modern piece was named after Breuer's friend, painter Wassily Kandinsky.
He was influenced by the Bauhaus and Cubism, interesting plane composition of De Stijl and complexity were from Constructivism.
He came up with the idea of bent tubular steel while studying the handle-bars of his bicycle. A local plumber had helped him weld the frame together and he achieved what he wanted.
His designs were first influenced by Rietveld's Zig-Zag and Red and Blue Chair.
Initially, the chair had a nickle plate finish, but then he changed it to chromium. The fabric was initially iron yam and then he changed it to leather, and has become one of the most endurable tubular steel chairs ever mass-produced.
Another revolutionary artist made in the product design history.
Robert F.Gatje . (/). a brief biographical note . Available: http://www.marcelbreuer.org/Biography.html. Last accessed 23rd january 2014.
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